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Acetous, or Acetic,
fermentation, a form of oxidation in which
alcohol is converted into vinegar or acetic acid by the agency of a
specific fungus or ferment (Mycoderma aceti). The process
involves two distinct reactions, in which the oxygen of the air is
essential. An intermediate product, aldehyde, is formed in the first
process.

1.
C2H6O + O = H2O + C2H4O
Alcohol. Water. Aldehyde.

2.
C2H4O + O = C2H4O2
Aldehyde. Acetic acid.

-- Alcoholic fermentation, the fermentation
which saccharine bodies undergo when brought in contact with the
yeast plant or Torula. The sugar is converted, either directly or
indirectly, into alcohol and carbonic acid, the rate of action being
dependent on the rapidity with which the Torulæ develop. -
- Ammoniacal fermentation, the conversion of
the urea of the urine into ammonium carbonate, through the growth of
the special urea ferment.

CON2H4 + 2H2O = (NH4)2CO3
Urea. Water. Ammonium carbonate.

Whenever urine is exposed to the air in open vessels for several
days it undergoes this alkaline fermentation.


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