C. the Roman Calendar had gained two months on the actual seasons,
and a more accurate calculation resulted in the adoption of
the so-called "Julian Calendar" (prepared at the request of Julius Caesar),
the two missing months being inserted between November and December
in that "year of confusion". By 1582, however, the Julian Calendar
had fallen ten days behind the seasons, so another calculation was made,
and Pope Gregory XIII abolished the Julian Calendar in all Catholic countries,
dropped the dates of ten days from that year, and established the "reformed",
or "Gregorian Calendar". This was adopted in Catholic Germany, in 1583,
in Protestant Germany and Holland, in 1700, but in England not until 1752,
by which time the difference had increased to eleven days.
Following the ancient Jewish custom the Year, for many centuries,
began with the 25th of March, but public sentiment came to favor
the 1st of January as the more appropriate date, and it was gradually adopted.
In England, however, the legal year continued to begin with March 25th,
until 1752, although many people were either using the newer fashion,
or indicating both, and a date might be correctly written in four ways,
e.
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